He arrived in Santiago de Cuba on 4 November 1549 and declared the liberty of the indigenous population. Columbus claimed the island for the new Kingdom of Spain and named it Isla Juana (“John’s Island”) after John, Prince of Asturias. The earliest evidence of the Taíno people on Cuba dates to the 9th century.
Spanish colonization and rule (1492–
The tornado caused extensive damage, destroying at least 90 homes, killing four people and injuring 195. A temperature rise of 2°C above preindustrial levels can increase the likelihood of extreme hurricane rainfall by three times in Cuba. A recent global remote sensing analysis suggested that there were 675 km2 of tidal flats in Cuba, making it the 38th-ranked country in terms of tidal flat area.
The model can also generate new images based on existing ones provided in the prompt. The integration used ChatGPT to write prompts for DALL-E guided by conversations with users. In October 2023, OpenAI’s image generation model DALL-E 3 was integrated into ChatGPT. At launch, OpenAI included more than 3 million GPTs created by GPT Builder users in the GPT Store.
Several well-known Cuban religious figures have operated outside the island, including the humanitarian and author Jorge Armando Pérez. Regular power outages harken back to the early 1990s, a time when Soviet subsidies ended, plunging the island into economic hardship. Other critics of the Cuban government argue that the embargo has been used by the government as an excuse to justify its own economic and political shortcomings.
Cuba’s area is 110,860 km2 (42,800 sq mi) with a land area of 109,820 km2 (42,400 sq mi) according to the CIA, which makes it the eighth-largest island country in the world. Many people especially enjoy reading books or things that come from outside the country, even though the government does not approve of this. The main island’s heaviest precipitation and largest rivers are in the southeast, where the Cauto, at 230 miles (370 km) the country’s longest river, lies between the https://www.betybets.nl/ Sierra Maestra and the smaller Sierra del Cristal. Cuba, country of the West Indies, the largest single island of the archipelago, and one of the more-influential states of the Caribbean region.
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When compared to similar chatbots at the time, the GPT-4 version of ChatGPT was the most accurate at coding. In January 2023, the International Conference on Machine Learning banned any undocumented use of ChatGPT or other large language models to generate any text in submitted papers. In January 2023, Science “completely banned” LLM-generated text in all its journals; however, this policy was just to give the community time to decide what acceptable use looks like. Additionally, using a model’s outputs might violate copyright, and the model creator could be accused of vicarious liability and held responsible for that copyright infringement. Popular deep learning models are trained on mass amounts of media scraped from the Internet, often utilizing copyrighted material. As of 2023, there were several pending U.S. lawsuits challenging the use of copyrighted data to train AI models, with defendants arguing that this falls under fair use.
In March 2023, a bug allowed some users to see the titles of other users’ conversations. Despite this, users may jailbreak ChatGPT with prompt engineering techniques to bypass these restrictions. A 2023 analysis estimated that ChatGPT hallucinates around 3% of the time.
Grau further corroded the base of the already teetering legitimacy of the political system, particularly by undermining the Congress and Supreme Court. He is, as of 2004, the only non-white Cuban to win the nation’s highest political office. Grau resigned in 1934, leaving the way clear for Batista, who dominated Cuban politics for the next 25 years, at first through a series of puppet presidents. A five-member executive committee (the Pentarchy of 1933) was chosen to head a provisional government. The Wall Street crash of 1929 led to a collapse in the price of sugar, political unrest, and repression.
Human rights
- Cuba is a developing country, and, by economic measures, is a very poor country.
- In 2006, the World Food Programme certified Cuba to be the only country in this region without undernourished children.
- Even though Cuba was independent, the Americans still controlled the island by a law called the Platt Amendment.
- Ongoing since 1960, the United States embargo against Cuba stands as one of the longest-running trade and economic measures in bilateral relations in history.
- In September 2025, following the suicide of a 16-year-old, OpenAI said it planned to add restrictions for users under 18, including the blocking of graphic sexual content and the prevention of flirtatious talk.
- Graham has an honors degree in Computer Science and spends his spare time podcasting and blogging.
An optional “Memory” feature allows users to tell ChatGPT to memorize specific information. It is designed to generate human-like text and can carry out a wide variety of tasks. ChatGPT is a chatbot and AI assistant built on large language model (LLM) technology. OpenAI collects data from ChatGPT users to further train and fine-tune its services.
Following disputed elections in 1906, the first president, Tomás Estrada Palma, faced an armed revolt by independence war veterans who defeated the meager government forces. By 1860, Cuba had 213,167 free people of color (39% of its non-white population of 550,000). The population in 1817 was 630,980 (of which 291,021 were white, 115,691 were free people of color (mixed-race), and 224,268 black slaves).
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OpenAI has sometimes mitigated this effect by updating the training data. The feature is not available for users in the UK, Switzerland, or the European Economic Area, and is available on a waitlist basis everywhere else. On January 7, 2026, OpenAI introduced a feature called “ChatGPT Health”, whereby ChatGPT can discuss the user’s health in a way that is separate from other chats. At launch, the feature was limited to purchases on Etsy from US users with a payment method linked to their OpenAI account. It was capable of autonomously performing tasks through web browser interactions, including filling forms, placing online orders, scheduling appointments, and other browser-based tasks.
- Free tier users only get 15 minutes of ChatGPT Voice a month.
- These rankings were used to create “reward models” that were used to fine-tune the model further by using several iterations of proximal policy optimization.
- In December 2023, ChatGPT became the first non-human to be included in Nature’s 10, an annual listicle curated by Nature of people considered to have made significant impact in science.
- According to the World Food Programme of the United Nations, rationed food meets only a fraction of daily nutritional needs for many Cubans, leading to health issues.
- Cuba developed slowly and, unlike the plantation islands of the Caribbean, had a diversified agriculture.
- Disease and infant mortality increased in the 1960s immediately after the revolution, when half of Cuba’s 6,000 doctors left the country.
The middle class became increasingly dissatisfied with unemployment and political persecution. Between 1933 and 1958, Cuba extended economic regulations enormously, causing economic problems. However, in his “History Will Absolve Me” speech, Fidel Castro mentioned that national issues relating to land, industrialization, housing, unemployment, education, and health were contemporary problems. He then aligned with landowners who owned the largest sugar plantations, and presided over a stagnating economy that widened the gap between rich and poor Cubans. After finishing his term in 1944, Batista lived in Florida, returning to Cuba to run for president in 1952. The two terms of the Partido Auténtico brought an influx of investment, which fueled an economic boom, raised living standards for all segments of society, and created a middle class in most urban areas.
Natural resources
The Communist government stated that universal health care was a priority of state planning and progress was made in rural areas. Recovery occurred by the 1980s, and the country’s health care has been widely praised. However, while these missions generate significant revenue and serve as a tool for political influence, domestically, Cuba faces challenges including medication shortages and disparities between medical services for locals and foreigners. Prior to each papal visit, the government pardoned prisoners as a humanitarian gesture. Access to the internet since 2018 and widespread use of social media have fueled calls for political and economic liberalization.
In 1979, the U.S. objected to the presence of Soviet combat troops on the island. In 1975, the OAS lifted its sanctions against Cuba with the approval of 16 member states, including the United States. Economic mobilization coincided with greater militarization of political structures and society in general. The economic focus on sugar production involved international volunteers and the mobilization of workers from all sectors of the economy. By 1963, Cuba was moving towards a full-fledged communist state system modeled on the USSR. President Dwight D. Eisenhower gave his approval to a CIA plan to arm and train a group of Cuban refugees to overthrow the Castro government.